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Abdominal pain: causes, symptoms and differences between heartburn, acid reflux, dyspepsia and stomach ache
“I have stomach ache”. Who hasn’t experienced this sensation at least once? In reality, various problems and symptoms can be hidden behind this expression. These include heartburn, reflux, dyspepsia and stomach ache. It is therefore important to fully understand what is really behind our ‘stomach ache’ and to investigate the differences between the various problems.
Understanding the differences between these conditions is essential for proper evaluation and treatment. In case of persistent or severe symptoms, it is always advisable to consult a medical professional for an accurate diagnosis and an appropriate treatment plan.
Heartburn
Heartburn, also known as pyrosis, is characterised by a burning sensation that originates in the upper abdomen and ascends towards the chest. This symptom is often caused by acid reflux from the stomach into the oesophagus, the tract of the digestive canal that connects the mouth to the stomach. A poorly functioning valve between the stomach and oesophagus can create conditions that lead to irritation of the oesophagus itself, causing the characteristic burning sensation.
Gastroesophageal reflux
Gastroesophageal reflux is a condition in which the stomach contents, including digestive acids, back up into the oesophagus. This can cause not only heartburn, but also a feeling of acid reflux or bitterness in the mouth. Factors contributing to this condition include a diet which is heavy in fatty and spicy foods, excessive alcohol consumption and being overweight. Constant reflux can damage the oesophagus over time, making proper management essential. This is why this issue should not be underestimated.
Dyspepsia
Dyspepsia, often referred to as ‘impaired digestion’, is a term used to describe a range of symptoms that can include abdominal pain, a feeling of fullness after meals, belching and nausea. Causes of dyspepsia can vary and can include overeating, the habit of eating too quickly, stress and some other more serious conditions.
Stomach ache
